Orchard-heater.



" WK @Mii/ R. PETER.

ORCHARD HETER.

MPMUAMUN FILED my 11. 1914.

Patented 015225, JWM

mf VN TUR,

'UNITED 'STATES OFFICE.

nUDoLrri PETER, or salv Josncamronuin.

ORCHARD-HEATER.

orchard heaters in which the heat is producedby the combustion ofvmineral oil. lin 'the use of such heaters, a great difficulty isgenerally encountered in that the more volatile constituents of the oilare burnt off first, leaving inthe heater a tarry residue which isdifficult to' burn, and which is also ditlieult to remove from theheater.

The object of my invention is to provide aniorchard heater in which theoil will be completely burnedl. w

MII! the accompanying drawing, Figure l is a vertical section ofourimproved heater; Fig. 2 is a similar view of a cap therefor;y

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates a vessel for containing oil.,` Onthe upper edge of said vessel rests an annular cover 2 havling a seriesof air holes 3 provided with pivoted shutters ll, by which they can be cclosed to any extent desired. The inner edge of the'cover is bentupward, as shown at ,6, and supported upon said cover around said`upwardly bent edge is'a cylindrical stack 7. Supported upon saidupwardly' bent edge is a bead 8 extending' outwardly from` a shortcylindrical open-ended tube 9, the upper end of which'is beadedoutwardly and engages the lower portion of the stack, its lower edgebeing slightly below the top of the vessel 1. Said stack 7 immediatelyabove said tube 9 is formed with circular 40 series of apertures 11.Fingers 12 are cut out from the metal tube 9 on all sides except avertical side leaving holes 10, and bent inwardly therefrom and havingrounded inner free ends. r:Phrase fingers serve to center in position atube 13 which has a closed upper end and an open lower end resting uponthe bottom of the vessel 1. "Said tube 13 is also centered by means voflingers 14 cut out from the metal tube 13 on all sides except onevertical side and bent normally'to y said tube 13, leaving holes 15, andhavi l rounded freeouter ends contacting with t e inner surface of thetube 7. At the bottom the tube 13 has portions 16 cut out there.- fromon all except one vertical side and bent outwardly leaving holes 17, andrest- `Speccation of Letters Patent;

Application i1ed May 11, 1914.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914. serial No. 837,739. c

ing lon the bottom of the vessel around the tube 13.

The vessel l -is `filled with oil to 'a level .slightlybelow the bottomof the tube 9 and is then ignited. The products of combustion pass upthe stack, and air for supplying combustion enters by the holes 3. By

reason ofthe air being compelled to flow downward around the lower'edge'bf the tube 9, it comes into close contact -with the Surface of theoil. Nearly perfect combustion of the vapor` of the oil takes place whenthe gases ascend past the apertures 1l. The

vspacing' of the tube 9 from the stack `7 is of importance, as otherwisethe burning .vapor the oil would be too greatly cooled passing .up fromthe vessel totheiapertures 11.. "Il" e insertion of thetube 13 withinthe` st acl 7 is `instrumental in confining the products of combustionand unburnt vapors from the oil to a space in close proximity to theholes 11, through which holes air is supplied. The combustion of the Oilraises the temperature of .the tubel to a dull red heat, so that thevapors of the oil within the tube, in rising, arejhighly heated. Saidhighly heated vapors passing outof the tube 13 through the holes 15, andinto the annular space between the tube 13 and stack 7, meet with airpassing up in said space and With the fiames of combustion of oil, and aperfect combustion of said vapors takes place, the products passingupward through the stack.

Combustion proceeds in substantially this manner until the level of theoil in the vvessel 1 reaches the holes 17, when air is drawn' in throughsaid holes and combustion now takes place within the tube 13. If theseholes 17 were not cut in the lower part fof the tube 13, combustionwould proceedbut with the difference that, with the lowering of the oillevel, less air -would be drawn down vto the surface of the oil, and itis especially important, on account of -the thickened condition' of theoil at this stage of the combustion thereof, that suficient air is drawndown to the surface of the oil to afford combustion. By reason of theheating of the tube `13, and the holes 17 its g, base, there is Va downdraft of air on to duetors,lwhich become heated by the iiaines,

when the oil has been Eburnt,down to thelevel of the tops of thei'heateonductors, so

lthat the flames of the burning oilile.V in

immediate Contact therewith, and the heat thug-alien upby thel/ieatconductors vis-eon-l ducted dofwnw'ar'd thereby and given up Ptohifghlyheated? by' lthe "ascending Haines, lso

that agreater'h'eat is conducted to the lower level, and hence, as theresidui'un ot' the oil' becomes heavier, so also the heat appliedAthereto toA lvolatilize it increases, so that eventually all of theoilis consumed.

On. the tube 7 immediately below the aperture ll is formed"airoutwardlyextending circumferential bead '18', and resting on said bead andsurrounding said tube? is a collar l5) having holes 2O which canregister with the holes l1A in the tube 7. But bytrrning said vcollar 19it may be made to close the holes 11, and by Aalso closing the holes 3with the shutters 1L, and placing a cap 2l upon the top of, the tube11,-the supply ol air for combustion can be entirely out off, and thuscombustion arrested.

I claim l. In combination with a. vessel for containing oil, a. stackcommunicating directly with the vessel for conducting away the productsof combustion of the oil; and a tube within the stack extending upwardfrom the' lower portion oit' the vessel and having an opening near thetop' to permit produc-ts ofy rombustion of the oil, anda' tube Withinthe` stack extending upward from the lower portion of the vessel andhaving a closed top and outwardly directed holes near 4the 'toptejpei'mit the escape of vapor generated .troni the oil in said' tube.

B. ln combination with. a vessel for containing oil, a cover therefor, astack eoin' municating directly with the vessel for conducting away theproducts or' combustion w oi thev oil, and a tube within the stack, its

lower portion being in the lowerk portion of the vessel and having aseries of holes at the top.

t. in combination with a vessel for con- `su'ltioient to, completelytaining oii, a cover therefor, a' stack for conlducting-- auay.thge`-lpgoducts of combustion of the oil, atube within Athe stackdepend- .f ing into said vessel, and heat conductors in said vesselextending 'sufficiently in.height and length to conduct to the bottoinlovthe vessel heat absorbed by theirupper portions vaporize oil in saidbottom. 'v y j ln combination ivith'aV vessel for" conltaining oil,astack for eonduetingfaway the products o combustion of the oil,andfa'verl tically and outwardly' extending heat con'- ductor in saidvessel extendingroni the bottoni thereof to avcoiiisiderable fractionot' its height. y

'6; In 'combination with afvessel for con- A 'y taining oil, a stack forconducting away the products of Combustion ot the oil,' a. tube withinthestaelr depending into said vessel,

' and a heat conductor in said vessel extend# ing'fromthe` bottomthereof to a" consider-` able fraction ot its height.

Tu' ln combination with a-vessel for containing eil, a Cover therefor,ka Stack on said cover, a4 tube within thestaok, heatI conductors at thebottom of the Vessel,` and' a short tube supported upon the inner edgeof the cover depending below the top of the vessel and extending upwardabove the top of' the cover, vand-spaced from the inner tube, the stackhaving apertures immediately above said short tube. y

8.' 'In combination with a vessel for containing oil, a cover therefor,a stackl on said cover, a tube within the stack, and a short tubesupported upon the inner edge ot the cover. dependino below the top ofthe vessel and extending upward above the top of the eover, and spacedfrom the inner tube, the

stack having apertures immediately abovesaid short tube.

Qfn combination with a vessel for een taining oil, a. eover tliereicor,la Ystack on said cover, and a short tube supported vupon 4the inner edgeof the vCover depending below the top oi' the vessel extending upwardabove the top of the cover, the stack having apertures immediately abovesaid short tube.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set.

